Harmonic Analysis Tool
Harmonic Analysis Results
What Is a Harmonic Analysis Tool?
A Harmonic Analysis Tool is a calculation and visualization system that evaluates frequency harmonics generated by rotating or vibrating equipment. Harmonics are whole-number multiples of a fundamental frequency.
For example:
- Fundamental frequency = 60 Hz
- 2nd harmonic = 120 Hz
- 3rd harmonic = 180 Hz
Each harmonic has an associated amplitude, which indicates vibration strength or signal intensity. Monitoring these values helps detect mechanical faults, imbalance, misalignment, looseness, and resonance issues.
Why Harmonic Analysis Is Important
Harmonic analysis is widely used in industries such as power generation, manufacturing, HVAC, automotive engineering, and condition monitoring.
Key benefits include:
- Early fault detection in rotating machinery
- Better maintenance planning
- Reduced downtime and repair costs
- Improved system reliability
- Clear understanding of vibration patterns
By analyzing harmonics instead of only the fundamental frequency, engineers gain deeper insight into machine health.
Overview of the Harmonic Analysis Tool Interface
The provided Harmonic Analysis Tool is a web-based calculator designed for quick theoretical analysis. It features a clean layout, simple inputs, and clear results.
The tool allows users to:
- Enter a fundamental frequency
- Analyze multiple harmonic orders
- Apply amplitude decay
- Set alert thresholds
- Instantly view results and warnings
This makes it ideal for preliminary diagnostics and educational use.
Input Parameters Explained
Understanding the input fields is essential for accurate harmonic analysis. Below is a simple explanation of each input used in the tool.
Fundamental Frequency (Hz)
This is the base frequency of the system.
It represents the primary vibration or rotational frequency.
Example:
- Electrical systems often use 50 Hz or 60 Hz
- Rotating shafts may have frequencies derived from RPM
The tool uses this value as the foundation for all harmonic calculations.
Rotational Speed (RPM)
Rotational speed is linked directly to frequency.
Relationship:
RPM = Frequency × 60
In this tool:
- Entering the frequency automatically updates RPM
- This helps align vibration data with real machine speed
This is especially useful in rotating equipment analysis.
Harmonic Orders to Analyze
Harmonic orders define how many multiples of the fundamental frequency are evaluated.
Common selections include:
- 5 orders
- 8 orders
- 10 orders
- 12 orders
Higher orders provide deeper insight but may add complexity. For most practical cases, 8 to 10 orders are sufficient.
Base Amplitude (μm p-p)
Base amplitude represents the vibration level at the first harmonic (order 1).
- Unit: micrometers peak-to-peak (μm p-p)
- Acts as the starting point for amplitude calculations
This value is critical because all higher harmonics decay from this base level.
Amplitude Decay Rate (% per order)
This parameter controls how quickly amplitude reduces as harmonic order increases.
Example:
- A decay rate of 15% means each higher harmonic is weaker than the previous one
This simulates real-world systems, where higher harmonics usually have lower energy.
Alert Threshold (μm p-p)
The alert threshold defines the vibration level that triggers a warning.
If any harmonic amplitude:
- Meets or exceeds this value
- The tool flags an ALERT
This is helpful for quick condition assessment and risk identification.
How the Harmonic Analysis Tool Works
Once you click “Calculate Harmonics”, the tool performs the following steps:
- Reads all input values
- Converts frequency to RPM
- Calculates each harmonic frequency
- Applies amplitude decay logic
- Compares amplitudes against alert limits
- Identifies the highest harmonic
- Displays results clearly
All calculations are instant and displayed in a structured format.
Understanding the Results Section
The results section is designed for clarity and quick interpretation.
Rotational Speed
Displays the calculated RPM based on the fundamental frequency.
This confirms the relationship between speed and frequency.
Fundamental Frequency
Shows the base frequency used for analysis.
This helps verify correct input before reviewing harmonics.
Harmonic Analysis List
Each harmonic is displayed as:
- Harmonic order
- Frequency in Hz
- Amplitude in μm
Harmonics that exceed the alert threshold are highlighted in red, making issues easy to spot.
Status Indicator
The tool provides a clear system status:
- NORMAL – all harmonics are below the alert threshold
- ALERT – THRESHOLD EXCEEDED – one or more harmonics are too high
This allows fast decision-making.
Highest Harmonic
Shows:
- Harmonic order with the highest amplitude
- Corresponding frequency
- Amplitude value
This helps pinpoint dominant vibration sources.
Practical Use Cases of a Harmonic Analysis Tool
This tool is useful in many real-world scenarios.
Common applications include:
- Vibration analysis of motors and pumps
- Gearbox condition monitoring
- Fan and blower diagnostics
- Predictive maintenance planning
- Engineering education and training
Even though the tool is theoretical, it closely reflects real vibration behavior.
Advantages of This Harmonic Analysis Tool
This calculator offers several practical advantages:
- Easy-to-use interface
- Fast and accurate calculations
- Clear visual alert system
- Adjustable parameters for flexibility
- Suitable for beginners and professionals
It is especially valuable during early-stage analysis or concept validation.
Important Disclaimer and Limitations
This Harmonic Analysis Tool provides theoretical results only.
Keep in mind:
- Real systems may behave differently
- Sensor placement affects vibration readings
- Environmental noise can distort data
Always verify results using calibrated vibration measurement equipment before making critical decisions.
Best Practices for Using Harmonic Analysis Tools
To get the most value from harmonic analysis:
- Use realistic input values
- Start with fewer harmonic orders
- Set alert thresholds based on standards
- Compare trends over time
- Combine with real measurement data
These practices ensure reliable and meaningful analysis.
